Essay on NETW563 Case Studies Requirements Solution

Municipal WiFi Introduction Municipal Wi-Fi or Municipal wireless network is a step towards making Internet services available to everyone by wireless technology. A geographical area under a municipality is provided with a wireless broadband service in many cities in US. Currently this idea is getting spread around the world. The structure of the wireless network is a mesh network with more than hundreds of routers are installed on the outdoors of the buildings. The network is operated by a wireless ISP. In this report we will discuss about implementation of municipal WiFi in different countries and the status of those implementation. 1. Municipal WiFi in Corpus Christi Corpus Christi in Texas is considered to be one of the top ten†¦show more content†¦(cctexas.com, 2014) 2. Municipal WiFi in Barcelona, Spain Spain took the projects of implementing municipal WiFi in Barcelona in 2008. There was a specific technical model for Barcelona. Unlike other implementation, in Barcelona, municipal WiFi has been implemented separately for public use and municipal use. This was a serious change in the municipal WiFi model till that time. Until then, all models used to consider either both public and municipal networks in the same implementation model or built models only for municipal services or only for public use. In Barcelona, a giant wireless mesh network was developed for only municipal use and same thing was done for public use also. But the physical networks were different. (Vidal, 2010) The municipal network was developed on a network of optical cores. That has access points on every street light poles and traffic poles. It connected 30 percent of the city by using more than 400 such access points. Only municipal services were delivered using this infrastructure. The aim of this implementation were, Better connectivity for the services that were online already but used UMTS/GPRS based connections. Reduction in operational costs. Improved security and reliability in the services. Easy deployment platform for upcoming projects. The network were used for controlling the parking meters, monitoring places using wireless cameras and traffic signaling,Show MoreRelatedThe Athlete S Shack Wireless Upgrade Essay example3772 Words   |  16 PagesAthletes Shack Wireless Upgrade Tony Madrid Keller Graduate School of Management Of DeVry University Decatur, Georgia NETW563: Wireless Networks Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Assessment for the Need of Wireless Technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Considerations for Deploying WLAN Solution†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 Survey of Site†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Security†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Hotspot

The Curse of Macbeth Essay - 889 Words

The Curse of Macbeth Macbeth is one of Shakespeares more popular plays, and nearly everyone knows about the abundant blood and gore, the witches, Lady Macbeths ambition, and the ghost of Banquo. However, not as many people know about the superstitions that surround this play. Theres a long-standing belief that the play is jinxed, than any company that produces it is courting disaster, and that quoting from the play (or even saying the title) leads to serious bad luck. Theres no doubt that several superstitions are associated with Macbeth. Many actors refuse to say the name of the play but rather refer to it as The Scottish Play or even The Plaid Play (Gero). Some go even further, referring to it as The†¦show more content†¦When the Oldham Repertory Company revived Macbeth for an anniversary celebration, the lead actor, Harold Norman, was stabbed during the final fight with Macduff and eventually died. His baby daughter subsequently suffocated in the theater and his widow went mad. And it seems that Norman had scoffed at the plays curse and had quoted from Macbeth in his dressing room (8). When the 1961 Stratford Shakespeare Festival ran Macbeth, there were numerous accidents. During the final month of the production, an actor from the company was found stabbed to death in a nearby park; another actors daughter was killed in a fall; the companys manager was found tied up in the bathroom of his apartment. He had been beaten, strangled and stabbed several times with a carving knife (Demcisak 8). Clearly, Macbeth himself is not the only one in blood / Stepped in so far (3.4.137-138). Contemporary theater companies continue to report disasters. Steven Gagen describes a 1995 production in Melbourne, Australia. As director, he had publicly made fun of the curse. Then his wife developed a sudden and serious valvular heart disease and two members of the company (one only twenty-six) died suddenly. Another theater veteran tells about a theater history professor who directed a production of Tartuffe and ran around screaming Macbeths name. By opening night, hed contractedShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth - The Three Weird Sisters1267 Words   |  6 Pagesriots circumventing performances, the imprecation of Macbeth is one of the most enduring superstitions of the stage. Macbeth has an outlandish and hazardous past. This imprecation, so goes the tale, has its roots in the play s occult storyline of witchcraft, murder, and ghosts (Dunning, B). It all commenced when Lady Macbeth’s actor died suddenly in 1606 forcing Shakespeare to find a replacement actor at the last minute (History.com). In Macbeth the three weird sisters known as the witches reflectRead More Macbeth Essays963 Words   |  4 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Macbeth The play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare is often believed to be cursed by many. The quot;Curse of Macbethquot; is the misfortune that happens during the production of the play. Many theater and acting companies refuse to put on Macbeth because the play has a reputation of being cursed. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1604, Shakespeare tried to please King James I by casting caution and imagination aside. For the opening scene of act IV of Macbeth he reproduced a 17thRead MoreMacbeth739 Words   |  3 PagesSynopsis Macbeth  is a play about a Scottish nobleman who learns, from a prophecy given to him by three witches, that he is to become king. When Macbeths ambition overcomes his moral judgement, he assassinates the reigning king and fulfils the prophecy. In doing so, however, he undermines his own rule with insecurity - insecurity he created when he upset the natural succession to the throne. Beheaded in battle, Macbeths death allows the rightful heir to reclaim the throne and order is restoredRead MoreViolence and Murder in Macbeth by William Shakespeare868 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare has delivered his plays in many different ways, and Macbeth is one that demonstrated violence and murder. The banquet scene that occurs in Act 3 Scene 4 of Macbeth has contributed to the play signiï ¬ cantly in many ways. It has contributed in the development of the plot, the development of a major theme, and the revelation of the different sides of different characters. ! In Macbeth, the story revolved around Macbeth, hence the name of the title. The plot further developed followingRead MoreMacbeth Soliloquy Log1005 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Macbeth† Soliloquy Log 1.3.128 â€Å"Two truths are told†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The three witches have told Macbeth that he will be Thane of Cawdor as well as becoming king. Macbeth believes that the witches predictions will come true because he has just been announced the Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth is very confused. The tone of this soliloquy is one of bafflement. In fact, he proclaims that the witches’ fortune â€Å"cannot be ill, cannot be good† (130). Given that Macbeth had been told about being king, he’s had terrible thoughtsRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1246 Words   |  5 PagesDoctor Faustus and Shakespeare’s Macbeth are two stories that clearly depict the hubristic behavior that is condemned by the Christian church since both focus on human pride and thirst for power. Macbeth portrays more hubristic behavior than Doctor Faustus, although Doctor Faustus initially seems to be more hubristic than Macbeth. Shakespeare’s Macbeth begins by showing Macbeth as a heroic warrior that fought to protect Scotland and honor King Duncan. This portrays Macbeth as a character that is selflessRead MoreThe Fate Of Shakespeare s Oedipus The King 918 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus the King by Sophocles and Macbeth by William Shakespeare are both known for tragic play; they both share a parallel phenomenon, of fate and prophecy. However, two protagonists desire is opposite, one destroy his own life trying to avoid while another destroy his life by trying to fulfill the destiny. Sophocles portrays Oedipus whose life is ruin by the prophecy whereas, for Shakespeare presents a Macbeth, who destroys his life trying to achieve his destiny. Macbeth and Oedipus the King, are wellRead More Analyzing Macbeths Weak Charachter in Shakespeares Macbeth1081 Words   |  5 Pages Shakespeares Macbeth is about the change in Macbeths character and his inner motives and feelings. Throughout the play the audience bears witness to Macbeths thoughts and feelings in his soliloquies, speech, and asides. One often wonders whether it is fate, the witches, or the people around him that compel him to think in certain ways and influence his decisions. It is only his own character from the beginning, however, that allows him to make some of the choices that he does and commit horrificRead MoreRole Of Witches In Macbeth1160 Words   |  5 Pagespeople believe in beings who possess supernatural powers. In William Shakespeare’s Macbeth there are such beings, more specifically witches, who have many paranormal capabilities, including casting curses and predicting the future. Shakespeare incorporates these characters into his play to emph asize the inherent fear of these supernatural forces. Different cultures have varying types of witches, the ones depicted in Macbeth are the most stereotypical witches. Despite their stereotypical characteristicsRead More Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Macbeth - Lady Macbeth as a Tool of Fate1176 Words   |  5 PagesLady Macbeth as a Tool of Fate  Ã‚   The play of Macbeth is all about power and greed. It is about ambition overriding inhibitions and the conscience of a good man. We know that most people consider Macbeth to be a good and a brave man at the start of the book, for example King Duncan himself refers to him as â€Å"O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman!† He is admired for his skills in battle by everyone. It is hard to say what driving force underlies the events of the story, and it is equally hard to

Assembly Line Essay - 1697 Words

Raul Contreras History 18 November 18, 2009 Assembly line From the beginning of times, most markets and products have been targeted to the bourgeoisie and/or anyone who could easily afford these products. But in the early 1900’s, an individual named Henry Ford, decided to change this idea and dared society to work for the success of the proletariat and the lowering of costs. Henry Ford, along with other individuals, created the highly praised â€Å"moving assembly line† and started the mind change in the targeting of markets. The assembly line was a way in building a final product using various people that would build particular parts, and then would assemble them together as a whole; this was a success and revolutionized the world of†¦show more content†¦As this was a popular vehicle, this model was mainly focused in the affordability and time it could be produced. Along with the idea of faster productivity and affordability, another great idea that Mr. Ford had was that if everyone earned a decent wage , and he produced more cars in less time at an affordable price, then everyone in the country would buy his cars. Focusing on the middle class clientele, their affordability, and his own workers to buy his own products, he decided to raise the workers wages from $2.50 to $5.00 overnight, virtually making him a hero to all middle class workers, because he gave the working class an open door of opportunities to grow and buy. In Henry Ford s times, pay was presumably highly significant for job satisfaction, and people did not mind working at the assembly line if they were well paid. This was an excellent business tactic, because this triggered his workers, and other middle class people, to buy his cars. The affordability of these, and the massive demand the Model T (final mastered product), made the Ford Company massively grow in a matter of years, and helped the U.S. economy raise in an enormous way. The demand among the middle class, and affordability of products, were in fact one o f the causes that drove the economy to grow in the early 1900’s, and made the assembly line successful. As business was growing, more factory workers were neededShow MoreRelatedThe Assembly Line Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesAssembly line: Dawn of a new age of manufacturing A motor car for the great multitude a goal for Henry Ford(Schlager 593). In the 1920s, automobiles are rapidly changing the American lifestyle forever because of their affordability and also the development of new assembly technology to lower the cost. Technological innovations of assembly begin to expand and advance for the better throughout the 1920s, which impacts Americans and the people of the world today. Henry Ford, a bold figure during theRead MoreArena: Assembly Line and Model Essays5611 Words   |  23 PagesProduction line -Report- In this report will be analysed the current production line of a manufacturing company that produces three different products. Because the system is consuming too much resources and it’s not very efficiently, ways to improve all this factors is needed. By identifying the bottleneck an alternative solution can be proposed for this problem. Due to increases of demand, and the need to reduce production costs, the company is considering ways of effectively reducing Work-in-ProcessRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Lessons From The Assembly Line 1261 Words   |  6 Pages3-2 Assignment 1 Milestone 1 Submission Writing Plan Draft When I revisited â€Å"Some Lessons from the Assembly Line†, the author s goal has changed for me. It has expanded and became broader. Because I see now that the author is trying to show the readers, the lessons he learned while working his summers away on the factory floor. Adjacent to that propose the author wanted to show the readers the different ways he learned the lessons, which made him appreciate his opportunity to go to college. My evidenceRead MoreFordism1526 Words   |  7 PagesFordism, it refers to the mass production of standardized goods using assembly line technology, involving few skills and repetitive work by employees. ‘Each company was composed of many different specialized departments, each producing components and parts that were eventually channeled towards the moving line for final assembly.’(Cohen amp; Kennedy 2007: 95 ) For instance, in 1900, there were 18 million horses, but only 8,000 cars in America. For local people, car just was a b ulky and expensiveRead MoreHenry Ford : The World s Most Influential Leader1659 Words   |  7 Pagesnever getting in a car or never using charcoal. Although there are a plethora of leaders, Henry Ford was by far one of the most influential. Mr. Ford played a major role in the history of America from boycotting the great war to enhancing the assembly line, and modern transportation technology. Henry Ford was the world’s most influential leader. From founding one of the worlds most successful car companies, to having a major influence on WWI, he has profoundly shaped the 20th century and leftRead MoreWhen I Revisited â€Å"Some Lessons From The Assembly Line†,1200 Words   |  5 PagesWhen I revisited â€Å"Some Lessons from the Assembly Line†, the author s goal has changed for me. It has expanded and became broader. Because I see now that the author is trying to show the readers, the lessons he learned while working his summers away on the factory floor.Adjacent to that propose the author wanted to show the readers the different ways he learned the lessons, which made him appreciate his opportunity to go to college. My evidence for this is when the author refers to, â€Å"These lessonsRead MoreEconomics 202600 Words   |  3 PagesESSAY #1. Read the following case study from the book. Please answer the questions at the end in more detail. The maximum number of pages is two. Answer as best as you can. Let me know if you have any questions. Business Case: Efficiency, Opportunity Cost and the logic of lean Production at Boeing Pg. 44 Ch.2 In the summer and fall of 2010, workers were rearranging the furniture in Boeing’s final assembly plant in Everett, Washington, in preparation for the production of the Boeing 767Read MoreThe Impact Of Scientific Management Within The Modern Organization1614 Words   |  7 Pages2003) This essay discusses the influence of scientific management within the modern organisation, relating to its strengths and weaknesses. Scientific management is an early 20th century school of management, which was primarily concerned with the physical efficiency of an individual worker. This scientific approach is based on the work of the US engineer Fredrick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915). He put forward, the fundamental principles of large-scale manufacturing through assembly line factories, inRead MoreSocial Issues of Work in Ben Hampers Book Riverhead Essays1286 Words   |  6 Pages Ben Hampers book Rivethead; Tales From The Assembly Line is a gritty in your face account of a factory workers struggles against his factory, his co-workers, and the time clock. Hamper makes no apologies for any of his actions, many of which were unorthodox or illegal. Instead he justifies them in a way that makes the factory workers strife apparent to those who have never set foot on an assembly line and wouldn’t have the vaguest idea how much blood, sweat and tearsRead MoreAnalysis Of Ben Hamperss Tales From The Assembly 1681 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Ben Hampers book Rivethead; Tales From The Assembly Line is a gritty in your face account of a factory workers struggles against his factory, his co-workers, and the time clock. Hamper makes no apologies for any of his actions, many of which were unorthodox or illegal. Instead he justifies them in a way that makes the factory workers strife apparent to those who have never set foot on an assembly line and wouldnÂ’t have the vaguest idea how much blood, sweat and tears

Minority And Minority Groups - 726 Words

In every society there is always a form of minorities. There are immigrants, indigenous peoples, handicapped people, and in many societies women, etc. In every society there is also a sense of pride for the people who may consider themselves true Canadians for example. This is called nation-building. In other words, it allows people to build their identities. The majority and the minority get to experience nation-building. Since the majority has a stronger chance at building an identity the state grants rights to the minority groups so they can also try to form an identity for themselves. The state is making sure to take care of each of its citizens when granting these rights. These rights are granted because there is an uneven playing†¦show more content†¦This happens because the majority can feel as if the government is promoting the culture of the minority group in question (e.g. Syrian refugees, indigenous peoples). The external protection granted to the minority (e.g. $ 29,000 given to Syrian refugees) will cause tension as the majority tries to nation-build. This can slow down the nation-building process for the minority groups as well because they can be discriminated against. A liberal state must practice benign neglect if they wish to have peace within their nation. Otherwise, the state is not truly paying equal concern for all citizens. On one hand, they are giving rights to a smaller portion of the nation while the majority feels as if they are not getting anything. On the other hand, the majority discriminates against the minority because of these external protections granted by the government. Neither party is happy. Overall, a state should not have the ability to permit special rights to minorities because it promotes a culture inside a society and also assumes that members of minority groups are not living good lives. A liberal state should never promote a specific culture inside of a nation because people are supposed to live how they like. Free without judgements from anyone, even more particularly the state themselves. In return, a culture will build itself from there on. Additionally, the state does have the right to create the merits of the goodShow MoreRelatedMinority Groups: Ethnic Minorities890 Words   |  4 Pagescustoms, and practices. It has been said that â€Å"minority group† families, which in Canada or the United States, could be considered anyone who isn’t Caucasian, are less stable in form and function than families who are a part of the general societal â€Å"majority†. Throughout this essay, I would like to discuss how untrue this statement is. From r acial and cultural differences, to relying on each other and to growing as a unit, it is evident that minorities can have an even stronger relationship than thoseRead MoreDifferences Between Minority And Minority Groups1443 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract This study explores the relationships between majority and minority groups and their awareness of blatant and subtle prejudice, by priming either common or dual identity. It was hypothesized that due to their marginalization, minority groups will be more aware of both subtle and blatant prejudice and that those primed with dual identity will show a similar heightened awareness. The results demonstrated that majority groups were more aware of both types of prejudice, contradicting many previousRead MoreThe Term Minority Group Essay1436 Words   |  6 PagesThe term minority group refers to a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their lives than members of a dominant or majority group. Edmund Burke states â€Å"In a democracy, the majority of the citizens is capable of exercising the cruelest oppressions upon the minority†. These simple words sum up the conflicts of every minority group throughout our time. A minority group shares a comm on set of social practices which are recognized from within the group and by othersRead MoreMinority Groups within Empires1090 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction 1- What is a minority 2- Empires and Minorities Body Paragraphs: 1- Romans and Minorities 2- The Ottomans and Minorities 3- The United States and Minorities 4- Minorities and Destroying Empires Conclusion: 1- Recommendations regarding dealing with minorities When the word â€Å"Empire† is heard, people tend to think of a hegemonic state with an emperor that oppresses all those who oppose him. Such an impression is not the result of nothingness, but that of shallow knowledge of certainRead MoreRacial Discrimination On Minority Groups1498 Words   |  6 PagesPractically, every country in the universe has a minority populace that can be either national, ethnic, linguistic, or a religious group. Minority concerns have been on the itinerary of the United Nations for more than half a century. In 1948, the General Assembly asserted that the United Nations could not remain detached to the providence of minorities. That explicates why the 2005 World Summit Outcome reaffirmed the rights of minorities and advocacy to the efforts of the United Nations (ZandenRead MoreThe Fight Against The Minority Groups1740 Words   |  7 PagesProtect The recent political climate in this country has placed more focus on the rights of minorities. The current discourse is fierce, and it revolves around how much should be done when it comes to representing and fighting for minorities who are being discriminated against. The recent spike in hate crimes has done little to appease fears within these minority groups, and the persecution of minorities will create more problems for not just them, but for every citizen in this country. It is withRead MoreThe Factors Affecting Minority Groups Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Racism has consistently affected African Americans, Asians, Latinos/Hispanics, Caribbean, Etc. Many researchers argue about the many factors affecting minority groups in society due to racism. Racism can have direct and indirect effects on a minority population. All the groups listed are all known as minorities within the United States and their socioeconomic standards. Socioeconomic status, also known as (SES), is a way used to classify many American citizens into different classesRead MoreRepresentation Of Minority Groups : Special Education1693 Words   |  7 PagesFrom: Evan Sadrakula Date: April 15, 2016 Subject: Disproportionality of Minority Groups in Special Education Introduction Some students are subject to unequal representation at school, particularly those in a minority group. In the past, there were vast amounts of racial biases that spread across the United States. Unfortunately, racial bias still exists today, in the 21st century. There are those who feel that certain groups of people should not be given equal opportunities based on their skinRead MoreRacial Predujice toward Minority Groups1564 Words   |  6 PagesRacial prejudice toward minority groups has been a problem throughout all of history. While overt racism and prejudice may be diminished from the days of our dark past, covert racism is very much alive. Society loves to embellish on how far the country has come in the fight against racial prejudice by highlighting significant events such as having the first black president. Yet there are still too many instances of subtle racism. In 2011, there were almost 700,000 incidents of stop and frisk policingRead MoreThe Experiences of Rural Ar eas and Culture of Minority Groups1483 Words   |  6 PagesThe experiences of different groups in rural settings are of significant importance to the study of rural geography itself. In particular, the experiences of both young people and travellers, often labelled as others, are important in the way they provide a different perspective on rural spaces and cultures from the common `productivist and `idyllic cultural views. However, because they are minority groups and different from the normal majority, young people and travellers experience significant

The assessment and treatment of a diabetic ulcer with be discussed. Free Essays

string(58) " the importance of good footwear as I was in the army†\." Introduction For this tissue viability assignment the assessment and treatment of a diabetic ulcer with be discussed. Wound healing and it properties will also be mentioned in regards to holistic factors affecting the chosen patient (pt). In accordance with the Health Professional Council (HPC) a standard of conduct, performance and ethics, a pseudonym has been used to protect the identity of the pt discussed (HPC 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on The assessment and treatment of a diabetic ulcer with be discussed. or any similar topic only for you Order Now I certify that confidentiality has been maintained, for the purpose of this assignment the patient will be called Mr Sim.An ulcer is a defect effecting loss of epidermis and all or part of the dermis (Lookingbill Marks 1993). The skin comprises of three layers, and is the largest organ in the body. The average adult has 21 square feet of skin (2 sq m) weighing up to 3.2 Kg (Benbow 2007). The three layers of the skin are, the Epidermis this consists of dead skin cells which shed continuously and it protects against certain bacteria. The epidermis also acts as a barrier to prevent evaporation and absorption of water. The Dermal Layer consists of capillaries, sebaceous (oil) glands, sensory receptors which transmit sensations such as itch, pain and temperature, and hair follicles all held together by elastin and collagen. The Subcutaneous layer contains fat and connective tissue that houses larger blood vessels and nerves. This layer is important in the regulation of temperature of the skin itself and the body. The size of this layer varies throughout the body and from person to person (Brannon 2007). The skin is a complicated structure with many functions. If any of the structures in the skin are compromised through poor blood supply, trauma, surgery etc. a wound may develop. â€Å"A wound is a loss of continuity to the skin â€Å"states Dealey Cameron (2008) The phases of normal wound healing †¢ Inflammation – a reaction to tissue damage / infection †¢ Reconstruction – granulation tissue starts to form. †¢ Epithelialisation – the wound becomes covered with epithelial cells. †¢ Maturation – scar tissue starts to fade and blend in with the normal tissue Case Study The subject of this study is a male patient aged 69 years, for the purpose of this case study the patient will be referred to as Mr Sim. Mr Sim attended as a new patient to the podiatry department at his local clinic complaining â€Å"something has been catching on my socks†. On examination of Mr Sim’s foot a large area of callus was observed on the plantar aspect of his right fifth toe (ball of foot under little toe) there was some brown discolouration due to extravasation (leakage of blood into the skin) indicating that there could be an ulcer under the callus. It was explained to Mr Sim that further assessment and treatment would be necessary to determine what and why the problem was occurring. The podiatry assessment tool was used to provide a holistic approach to assessment of medical history and social factors that may affect the foot health of the patient. The tool has a systematic problem based approach to undertaking clinical assessment and a detailed history; it is similar in outlay to a Patient Orientated Medical Review (POMR). Both the POMR and the podiatry assessment tool include a description of the presenting complaint which is an important part as it determines what the patient considers to be important and can be used to establish agreed expectations. Both models include previous and current medical history including any operations, illnesses or injuries which is of high importance in wound healing as systemic disorders or medication can have a large impact on wound healing. Both assessment tools include a detail of any known allergies, any family traits and social factors such as smoking or drug taking. The factors assessed in the above tools are recognis ed as being significant factors in wound healing. Rainey (2005) lists medication, illness, smoking, alcohol consumption and mobility as factors that affect wound healing. In addition to the POMR the podiatry assessment tool focuses on the factors that may affect the patients foot health for example previous or current occupations, an appraisal of the patient’s footwear and assessment of patients gait, vascular assessment, condition of skin, skin colour, skin temperature as well as palpating pedal pluses. A neurological assessment using a 10 gram monofilament, which is the standard neuropathy test in primary and community care in the united kingdom since National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines for the management of the diabetic foot were published in 2004 (Boulton et al 2006). However the podiatry assessment tool does not include an assessment of the nutritional status of a patient which has been regarded as a key factor affecting wound healing (Dealey 2 005, Rainey 2005), and malnutrition is a very important cause in delaying the healing process (Morrison 1992). Using the podiatry assessment tool it was found that Mr Sim was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes nine years ago and had recently moved to the area from abroad after losing his wife of to whom he was married to for forty four years, he now lives in the same road as his nephew. Mr Sims has good control of his diabetes taking metformin 500m mg twice daily, his recent HBA1C was 7.3 % this is regarded as tight glycaemic control (Lee et al 2006) His nutritional status adequate, he reports no strong family history of diabetes or heart disease, he occasionally has a glass of red wine. Mr Sims also takes medication to control hypertension (high blood pressure), bendroflumethiazide and aspirin, a cholesterol tablet as a precautionary method, and painkillers and antiflammatory treatment for osteoarthritis. He also mentioned that the pain in his back was increasing, and was taking a course of antibiotics for an infected cut on his hand obtained whilst gardening. For some time now he had been ex periencing bouts of tingling in both his hands and feet. He expressed that he takes good care of himself never smoked, eats well and keeps active, and he states he has â€Å"an awareness of the importance of good footwear as I was in the army†. You read "The assessment and treatment of a diabetic ulcer with be discussed." in category "Essay examples" All patients with diabetes should receive an annual foot check by a trained health care professional (NICE 2004), this includes the application of a 10g monofilament to five points on each foot, to assess the protective sensation in the feet and the extent of any sensory neuropathy. Peripheral sensory neuropathy is thought to affect 20 – 40% of the population (McIntosh et al 2004) and is a major factor in the development of diabetic foot ulceration. Both feet were tested using the 10g monofilament this resulted in 0/5 probes being detected on both feet indicating peripheral neuropathy, however the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibialis were palpable in both feet, skin colour, texture and temperature and capillary refill was 2 seconds indicating good blood supply (Dealey 2005). Baker, Murali and Fowler (2005) state that the palpation of foot pulses is not a good indicator for a good blood supply. A Doppler gives a more accurate result when assessing vascular status it assists the diagnosis by determining the presence or absence of a compromised arterial flow in the lower limb (Dughil 2006) Jeng et al (2000) concluded that if a person cannot identify the pressure from a 10g monofilament on their skin approximately 98% of the sensory ability has been lost. When the 10g monofilament is applied to the foot it buckles at a given force of 10g, inability to feel this is a significant indication that neuropathy is present and protective pain sensation is lost (Edmonds and Foster 2000). Neuropathy presents itself in various ways; motor, sensory and autonomic nerves are affected and there is no conclusive proof as to what causes neuropathy. Factors such as high glucose levels can cause chemical changes, harming blood vessels, which supply oxygen, to tissue. Motor neuropathy, causes abnormal foot pressures, the structure of the foot can change, giving abnormal pressure areas. Sensory neuropathy can give reduced sensation, masking pain, allowing for callus build up, and leading to ulceration. Autonomic neuropathy, which leads to dehydration of the skin, is commonly known as arteriovenous shunting (A.V). Neuropathy is detected by using a 10g monofilament. This is used on high pressure areas to detect if the patient can feel pain or not. These results, however, may not always be reliable, as they rely on patient feedback, therefore clinical judgement, must always be upheld at all times. Diabetes affects the vascular supply to the foot, leading to reduce or absent pulses, causing poor tissue viability, decreasing healing time. Excess glucose and cholesterol deposits in the lumen of blood vessels, reducing the diameter, which in turn, increases heart activity causing hypertension. Aspirin is used as a prevention, it is classed as an anti-platelet drug which reduces platelet aggregation. Aspirin inhibits enzyme COX, which reduces platelet production of TXA2, which is a powerful vasoconstrictor. Mr Johnson* is currently taking Atenolol, hypertensive drug as well as Aspirin to reduce the chances of thrombosis or MI. It was explained in detail to Mr Sim about the complications of diabetes and how it may affect the feet, during the discussion Mr Sim became upset about the loss of his wife, â€Å"she always looked after my feet particularly because of the diabetes†. It was important to establish a good rapour with Mr Sim, as the lesion was causing him no discomfort apart from catching on his socks. The recent loss of his wife, his back pain and hand infection had put a lot of stress on Mr Sim. Depression is twice as likely to occur in people with diabetes and this can have a link to fluctuating blood sugar levels. Mr Sim is also experiencing pain from his back and is still grieving about the death of his wife and coming to terms with living alone. Stress is recognised as a factor in delaying wound healing (Dealey 2005; Glasser et al 1999; Kiecolt-Glasser et al 1995). Cole-king and Harding (2001) found a statistically significant relationship between anxiety and depression and delayed i n chronic wounds. Communicating with patients can reduce anxiety and promote the natural healing process, conversely lack of communication may impair healing (Collier 1994) It was then explained to Mr Sim extenslevily about the lesion of his foot in regards to his general health without adding to his stress levels. Education has proven to be vital in the management of diabetes (NICE) . It was suggested that on debridement of the callus that there could possibly be foot ulcer, with Mr Sim’s consent the callus was removed using sharp debridement an ulcer was revealed. The ulcer measured 1cm x 1cm and probed to a depth of 5mm to tendon but not to bone, the base of the was ulcer was sloughy and yellow and appearance showed no sign of infection, sharp debridement was used very carefully to remove slough. Slough in the base of an ulcer is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria which increases the risk of infection and delays healing (Rainey 2005).If infection was noted healing will be delayed and may spread to surrounding tissue or bone. At the time of assessment Mr Sim’s ulcer showed no signs of infection, although he was taking a course o f antibiotics for the infection in the wound on his hand. Diabetic problems such as peripheral ischemia or neuropathy can mask signs of infection this was considered on assessment. The wound following sharp debridement was flat and pink, this was significant as rolled edges would indicate infection. The condition of the skin was dry and showed no signs of maceration. The use of tool to grade the ulcer can provide objectivity and help with communication between health professionals. The tool used in this study was EPUAP European Pressure Ulcer Advisory System 1998, in this case the ulcer was caused by excess pressure over an area affected by peripheral sensory neuropathy. There are many wound classification systems including SAD, SINBAD and PEDIS, however the EPUAP grading system was protocol for this particular community trust. The ulcer was classified as a grade four pressure ulcer which is described as extensive destruction tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone or support ing structure with or without full thickness loss. The choice of dressing being â€Å"Activon Honey Tulle† produced by Advancis medical the gauze is impregnated with pure Manuka honey, this was used firstly to complete the debridement autolyticly. Secondly for the antimicrobial purposes and its aid to deslough and control odour in the wound. Benbow (2008) states a mosit environment is essential for optimal wound healing. Other dressings are considered also for their topical antimicrobial agents, such as Iodine and Silver. Iodine was an option although none where available in Clinic. Iodine is a popular choice for the use in Podiatry. Silver dressings are more expensive than the honey and also should only be used when there is clinical sighs of infection (British national Formulary: BNF, Nov 2009), so, as in Mr Sim’s case there was no signs. The secondary dressing was a foam dressing designed to absorb and retain any wound exudate to stop the wound from becoming macerated and inhibiting wound healing. ‘Biatai n’ was the dressing choice as this is one of the foam dressings used in the clinics. This was needed as the Activion Tulle does not have any absorption properties. These dressing were held in place with ‘Mefix’ an adherent tape. Mr Sim was given instructions to keep the dressing clean and dry until his next appointment Holistically the treatment plan was to contact Mr Sim’s, G.P regarding his depression over the loss of his wife, and referral to the local diabetes centre. A lengthy discussion was held on the importance of good footwear and changing shoes regularly, as although Mr Sim’s shoes where good shoes they were very old and the innersole had worn out penetrating to the outer sole (hole in bottom of shoe). A total contact insole referral was made to relieve the pressure long term. Temporally a pad was mad to deflect pressure away from the ulcer overlying the dressing in situ. Effective reduction in pressure relief is essential to heal a diabetic foot ulcer and to prevent reoccurrence (Armstrong et al 2001). A education booklet was supplied titled Diabetic foot Ulcer, if a patient has the knowledge and understanding of their treatment plan they are More likely to comply (Dowsett 2004). Mr Sim was as asked to return to clinic in five days as part of his dressing regime, he reported he had an appointment with the G.P the following day to discuss his depression. He had also received a letter from the diabetes centre with an appointment for the following week. The NSF (National Service Framework) and NICE the National Institute for Clinical Excellence set standards and put polices in place for every health care professional to follow, all patients with diabetes present with an ulcer must be referred on to a multidisciplinary team to receive the best care possible. The multidisciplinary team consists highly trained podiatrist, diabetologist, consultant, nurses, orthotists all of which specialises in complications of the foot and lower limb (NICE 2004). The dressing was removed the wound measured a reduction in depth and circumference 7mm x 6mm depth 3mm, exudate levels where low, there were no clinical signs of infection, no maceration or further callus formation, the same dressing was applied and along with padding. A further appointment was made for seven day’s time , ideally the dressing change should be five days but due to staff sickness this was not possible. At this appointment Mr Sim had seen the G.P who had referred him to a bereavement councillor. The diabetes Centre had furthermore made a referral to the orthopaedic department who are fitting Mr Sim for orthopaedic footwear for pressure relief in accordance with NICE guidelines (2008). On conclusion the outcome for this case study was a positive one, the patient was assessed holistically to identify and factors which may hinder the healing process, this not only includes the factors directly affecting the wound but also indirectly by affecting the patients qualit y of life including dealing with bereavement, housing issues etc. The Department of Health (DH 2008) stated â€Å"Delivering improvements for people with long term conditions is not just about treating illness, it is about delivering personalised, responsive, holistic care in the full context of how people live their lives. Our journey to achieve this has started, our challenge is to continue to take it forward and the evidence compels us to do this†. REFERENCES HPC Armstrong, D.G., Nguyen, H.C Lavery, L. A., (2001) offlanding the diabetic foot wounds. Diabetes care 24 (6) 1019 – 1022 Baker, N., Murali-Krishman, S., Folwer, D (2005) A users guide to foot screening, part 2, peripheral arterial disease, the diabetic foot 8 (2) 58-70 Benbow M (May 2007) Back to Basics – Skin and Wounds. Journal of Community Nursing Vol 21 (5) p34 Benbow M (2010) Ageing Wound healing, Journal of community nursing. 24 (5) 36-38 Brannon, H M.D former about.comguide Collier, M (1994) assessing a wound. Nursing standard 8 (49): 3-13 Dealey, C. (2005). The care of Wounds. A guide for Nurses. Blackwell Science, oxford. Dowssett (2004) Dughill, S., (2006) peripheral arterial disease. Why screen in primary care Nursing times 102 (16) 38-39 Glaser, R., Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K., Marucha, D.M.D MacCallum, R.C., Laskowski, B.F., and Malarkey, W.B (1999). Stress-related changes in pro inflammatory cytokine production in wounds. Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (5), 450-456. Cited in Dealey, C. (2005). Marcucha, P.T., Malarkey, W.B., Mercado, A.M Glaser, R. (1995).Slowing of wound healing by psychological stress. Lancet, 346 (8984) 1194-1196. Cited in Dealey (2005) Rainey, J (2005). Wound Care, A handbook for community Nurses. Whurr Publishing, London. Lookingbill ,D,P. Marks, J, G (1993) principles of Dermatology. London; W.B Saunders company. How to cite The assessment and treatment of a diabetic ulcer with be discussed., Essay examples

Bystander Effect free essay sample

The bystander effect is the name given to a social psychological phenomenon in cases where individuals do not offer help in an emergency situation when other people are present. It is a situational ambiguity; when we are confused about a situation and unconsciously interpret the event as if nothing is happening unusual. Some researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous. We usually develop an illusion of normality. Because of the ignorance of other people in emergency situation; we also feel that nothing is so serious and it will be fine. One major factor of bystander effect is busy life and too much introvert behaviour. We rarely give a thought to stop and judge the situation and react accordingly. Some researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to intervene if the situation is ambiguous. There are couple of more reasons which are cause of bystander effect. Kitty was the eldest child of five; she grew up in Brooklyn in a Middle-Class Italian American family. Later on in life, Kitty acquired a position as a bar manager for Ev’s Eleventh Hour Sports Bar in Queens and she was known to be a Gay individual due to the fact that she shared her Kew Gardens apartment with her lover Mary Ann Zielonko. Even though the United States was experiencing a cultural revolution, Kitty’s lifestyle was still looked down upon in society. The fact that Ms. Genovese was a female bar manager and worked late hours was especially distressing to many. Around 3:15 AM, Kitty had returned home from work and parked her car 100 feet away from her apartment building. On her walk home, Kitty was attacked, robbed, raped, and stabbed several times by Winston Moseley. During the attack, Kitty had desperately screamed out for help but not even one call was made to the police by her neighbors until 3:50 AM (30 minutes into the attack). The police responded within minutes of the call, but Kitty was in such critical condition that she died on route to the hospital at 4:15 AM. After further investigation and psychiatric examination Winston Moseley, a twenty nine year old African American business machine operator, was found o be a necrophile. The public was appalled by the murder of Ms. Genovese. Mainly because it had taken so long for her neighbors to contact the authorities and the person who had called had only done so after much thought. An attention grabbing article titled â€Å"Thirty-Eight Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call the Police† was published shortly after the murder in the New York Times, the article read â€Å"For more than half an hour thirty eight respectable, law abiding citizens in Queens watched a killer stalk and stab a woman in three separate attacks in Kew Gardens†. This murder was so publicized that it caused the NYPD to reform its telephone reporting system and it prompted psychological research conducted by Social psychologists John Darley and Bibb Latane. Darley and Latane conducted a social experiment which they titled â€Å"The Bystander Apathy Experiment†, after extensive research they concluded that â€Å"larger numbers of bystanders decrease the likelihood that someone will step forward and help a victim†. Feminist psychologist Frances Cherry disagreed with these findings however, and believed that what had occurred with Kitty would not have been true if the victim was a man. She believed this because of the cultural norms of that era, where most people were unlikely to get involved if they thought that a man was attacking his wife/girlfriend. In conclusion, I believe that both â€Å"The Bystander Effect† and Francis Cherry’s statement are correct in deciphering the murder of Kitty Genovese due to the fact that one must take both human nature and cultural norms/facts into account when considering such a horrific event in history.

Challenges Opportune Regional Integration â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Challenges Opportune Regional Integration? Answer: Introduction Johnson and Martin Ltd (JM) is a company that manufactures a popular line of clothing for young people. The companys products are positioned as fashionable and of high quality. Due to the little prospects for the future sales growth, the firm has decided to expand its clothing to the Middle Eastern region (Jullens, 2013). The potential marketing for these products is Turkey, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. As a marketing consultant, I have carried out market opportunity assessment to determine which is the most prospective market to enter. In this market assessment opportunity, I have examined the investment environment, impacts of the government interventionist policies, the market potential and the effect of regional integration initiatives and related issues. In addition to that, I have evaluated the opportunities and threats in the three markets. This study, therefore, explains the market opportunity assessment for Turkey, Egypt and Saudi Arabia and the opportunity and threats in each o f the three markets. Examination of the investment environment The investment environment is the global economy and the domestic economy, developments in which have an impact on the prices (values) of the assets. My examination of the investment environment revealed that investment climate in Turkey is excellent particularly for the clothing of young people. Hollensen points out that the country has a young dynamic population and a growing middle-class with a lot of purchasing power (Hollensen, 2017). He clarifies that its unique geographical location is critical in attracting many customers since it is strategically situated between the East and the West. An investor can, therefore, make high profit margins, as a result of the high volume of sales. In addition to that, it is one of the G-20 states with the highest economic growth. Also, the state has a very friendly business climate to the investors, access to a huge national consumer base and other nearby markets and supports expansion for the international investors. A good investor will, the refore, make use of such an investment environment Turkey has bonded very well with most of the investors such as India. According to Hollensen, there are as many as 260 Indian companies which operate in Turkey. In the last 14 years, these firms have made humongous sales worth $ 103 million (Hollensen, 2017). Some of these companies include Wipro, Polyplex, and Mahindra among others. Turkey has a verycompetitive and skilled workforce comprising of a young population with flexibleinvestment settingand low tax prices, the country presents an exciting opportunity for clothing investors. Hence, the opportunity Turkey presents for the Johnson and Martin Ltd to invest is perfect Effects of government interventionist policies Poor implementation of intervention policies by the government has held back the interests of foreign investors in Turkey in the last decades. A report conference that was released by the United Nations about development and trade (UNCTAD) in the year 2013 revealed that the political uncertainty which was escalating at the regional level subdued global economic prospects were preventing foreign investors from investing in Turkey (Joffe, Vasconcelos, 2014). However, the Government of Turkey has carried out structural reforms to boost investment climate in the country. Moreover, the government has ensured tight fiscal controls, privatization of the economic enterprises of the state, increased flexibility in the labor market and a strong banking sector. As a result, the economy has improved. The Government of Turkey has pursued a well-knownreform program about investment atmosphere whose aim is to attract more Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Also, the formation of Turkeys Investment Support and Promotion Agency has attracted investors (Kanat, 2004). ISPAT supports new investors, the business making process and promotes an investment setting that is friendly. It functionsas a support within the government for changesthat ensures investment and runsto promote domestic and global consciousnessof the values of the investment. The governments transformationsin Turkey have made it easier to starta firm. The government has subsidedpermit necessities and has allowed people to register their businesses via regional commercial registry offices (Tuncel, 2017). Furthermore, the government has instituted a single firm registration form. The Turkish Government policies have ensured that the taxation system is friendlier to investors. According to Tuncel, the normal commercial tax rate was lowered from 30% to 20% in 2006. Market potential Market potential is the wholesize of the market for a certain product at a particular time. Turkey has a high market potential that covers more than one billion consumers. Turkey international image for investment is mainly moldedby the various marketplace opportunities both export and domestic-oriented (Kirisci, 2012). The market potential of Turkeyinclude a large and expanding domestic market which is approximately 70 million, a European market that generates a lot of capitalof about (600 million), evolvingRussian, Central Asian markets (roughly205 million) and a distinctand growing Middle East and North Africa markets (approximate 160 million). The strong historic and cultural ties provide Turkey with privateaccess and a center to create abusiness with these states. Hence, the high market potential makes Turkey a prominentinvestor in the Central Asian Turkic Republics. Impact of Regional integration initiatives Regional integration has been used as an efficient instrumentfor promoting regional peace, prosperity, and stability, with the added prospect that economic expansion might also facilitate the transition to democracy (Joffe, Vasconcelos, 2014). Turkey and the EU have worked on these suppositions and have developed various approaches to regional integration. Some of the impacts of regional integration initiatives are discussed below One of the effects of the regional integration initiatives is that it has made Turkey to increasingly become a trading state. Turkey has increased and diversified its economic relations with the Mashreq and Maghreb countries (Kirisci, 2012). After the Arab Spring, the Turkish regime had begun to improve componentsof neighborhood policy with Mashreq and Maghreb countries. The policies aimed at greater economic integration. Nevertheless, there has been up and down due to the crisis in Syria and also issues of stimulating transformation in the Arab world. Regional integration has allowed Turkey to acquire a higher proportion of the market share compared to its neighborhood. As the cold war ended, only 10% of itstranscontinentaltrade was with its neighborhood and this amounted to $3.5 billion (Frieden, 2015). Much of the trade was with Iran and the Soviet Union. Approximately half of the total Turkish foreign trade was acquired by the European Union countries roughly $17 billion. Nonetheless, the situation changed dramatically in the year 2011. Trade with the neighborhood was pricedat about $82 billion and comprised around 22 percent of the Turkeys general trade. Turkish regional integration has displayed other dimensions too. In the aftermath of the Arabs revolution, the zero problems with neighbors policy collapsed. The policy was very crucial since it was the primary source of the soft power of Turkey in the international affairs (Kirisci, 2012). Kirisci explains that the Turkish foreign policy is almost collapsing. In spite of much effort between Turkey and Syria to resolve their conflict, the conflict is too far from being resolved. Currently, Turkey is deeply involved in aconflict with Syria and this is affecting its own security negatively. Examination of the investment environment In my research, I discovered that although there are ongoing efforts by the government to court worldwide investors, the investment climate in Egypt remains challenging. Egypt has hard controls of currency and shortages. As a result, the country incurs losses and depend on importation of inputs essential for domestic production and manufacturing (Leigh Blackey, 2016). The government of Egypt, however, remain committed to attracting investors across the globe. For instance, it has launched a large-scale industrial zone near the Suez Canal. The main objective is to attract multinational manufacturing and logistic businesses alongside the main transnational shipping route. Most of the investors have reported delays of several months in the execution of foreign exchange transfers. In addition to that, labor rules inhibit firms from hiring more than 10% non-Egyptians. Moreover, foreign investors are not permitted to operate simple partnerships or sole proprietorship. A foreign industry t hat is willing to import for trading purposes has to do so via a complete Egyptian-owned importer. Egyptian courts rarely recognize foreign judgments. Solving disputes takes a lot of time, with the time taken to settlea case to completion averaging 3-5 years (Leigh Blackey, 2016). Also, their many hindrances such as regulatory complexity, excessive bureaucracy, the mismatch between labor market demand and job skills, non-tariff trade barriers and slow and cumbersome customs procedures. The world bankhas ranked Egyptamongstthe easiest countries in the Middle East and North Africa to start a business. According to the World Bank, a business can be opened in 8 days when compared to the and 19 and an international of 42. A businesspermit is not available online and has to be done in person at the General Authority for Investment (GAFI), situated in Nasr City with satellite offices in Assuit, Ismailia, and Alexandria. Effects of the government interventionist policies Egypt commenced structural reforms to correct macroeconomic imbalances that existed before President Mubaraks era. Egypt has a long history of government intervention (Loewe, 2013). A substantial re-orientation happened in 2004 when President Mubarak appointed a new regime which comprised of several former business men. It came up with a new strategy for the industrial policy which was considerably more demand and market-oriented and less interventionist. The objective was to address the market failures which were hindering structural change in Egypt and prevent vertical discrimination as much as possible (Gonzalez-Vicente, 2015). The industrial policies were effective in investment promotion, improved the entrepreneurs access to finance and simplified tax rates and procedures. Market potential Egypt is the largest textile producer in Africa accounting for about 50 percent of the world production in 2008. Private companies have dominated the downstream industry with more than 70 percent garment production. The Egyptian government is encouraging private investors to invest in both down-stream and up-stream industry (Kaplinsky, Morris, 2014). Over the past 3 decades, the United States and Europe have been the primary markets for the textile and clothing exports with a market share of 35 percent and 46 percent respectively. Foreign Direct Investment has been an important vehicle for economic expansion in the emerging markets countries. Egypt has become the leading attractor of all the foreign direct investment in Africa. By the year 2008, it had attracted 56 foreign investment firms in the textile industry. Impact of Regional integration initiatives The regional integration between Egypt and the United States has led to various economic implications. Improvement in Egypts market access to the united states. A potentially significant aspect of a preferential agreement with the United States has advanced access to the US markets for Egypt. (Melo Tsikata, 2015). Important US quotas and tariffs remain on most of the Egyptian products. The US International Trade Commission reports that out of the top 100 products that are imported from Egypt, only 16 products enter the United States duty-free. 22 of the remaining products face tariffs of less than 5%, 29 face tariffs which range from 5-15% and 26 products face tariffs higher than 15 percent. Hence, the export price of Egypt in the United States markets increases Examination of the investment environment For Johnson and Martin Ltd company, Saudi Arabia is one of the most critical export markets. It is the biggest free economic market in the Middle East and holds 25 percent of the GDP (Rabie, 2013). It has a huge population of customers of about 400 million with high purchasing power. Also, its geographical location makes it a perfect entrance to European, African and Asian markets. The local market is experiencing a rapid continuous expansion. The Saudi Riyal is regarded to be one of the most stable currencies in the world (Alkhareif et. al., 2017). The Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MCI) has ensured that there are no obstacles which might present a barrier in the facilitation of the works of the industrial investment facilities. It has come up with methodologies and mechanisms of issuing licenses and services for the national factories. The most crucial procedure that has been put forward involves dividing the industrial licensing to two stages: issuing of a temporary license th at is valid for one year and which is renewable and final licensing that is renewed after every 3 years. Effects of the government interventionist policies The government of Saudi Arabia has employed measures such as privatization among others to attain a more equitable distribution of income and wealth. Since 1980, constant public efforts have been applied to expand the economic base in substitute of the reliance on the hydrocarbon natural resources for the public revenues and economic output (Al-Rushaid, 2010). The government was aware that the economy was simply resource-based and rentier in nature, with economic growth or contraction dependent on the price and output of the oil. Nonetheless, this economic prospect was no longer plausible. The government accorded the private sector greater role in the development to improve the output, employment, and investment. The government adopted another mechanism to ensure that the private sectors role in the economy is strengthened. These measures include promotion of non-oil exports, support to SMEs, increase of the competitiveness of the domestic products in local and twenty foreign markets and improvement of the regulatory and investment environment. Market potential Research conducted by analysts at Technavio have revealed that the retail market in Saudi Arabia will expand steadily at a CAGR of more than 7 percent by 2020. High urbanization, rising personal income, and high consumer confidence index has allowed private consumption the most imperative component of Saudi Arabias economy (Zain, Kassim, Kadasah. 2017)These factors have also attracted many retailers all over the world into the market by increasing cost and competition in the major urban areas. The increase in competition will, therefore, create more pressure on the profit margins of those operating in the retail sector. The situation will provide investors the opportunity to exploit the new regions with more growth potential. Most of the population in Saudi Arabia are very traditional; however, with the increase in exposure to an international fashion brand, internet savvy, and young population have adopted new styles and designs. Hence, this preference for goods with the new design will improve generate capital for the investors. Impact of Regional integration initiatives The establishment of the Gulf co-operation (GCC) between Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, and Oman happened in 1982. The GCC has made progress from a Free Trade Area (FTA) to the Customs Union in 2003 and a Common Market in 2008 (Delgado, 2016). Launching of the common market eased the movement of goods and services. Firms and investors from the GCC states are active in mergers and acquisitions. From 1999, many transactions with a known value of $573 billion have already been made. It is worth noting that these mergers and acquisitions are very important investors in the cross-border MA abroad. Opportunities and Threats In my research, I was able to realize that all the three countries present the same opportunities. Thereis theexistence of a high demand for value-added products for the young people (Diaz et.al., 2015). Also, there is a market niche that exists in the three countries for branded products. For instance, internet savvy and young population in Saudi Arabia have adopted new styles and designs. Hence, investors can come up with a quality brand that will satisfy them. There is a high potential to invest in Egypt and Turkey due to high cotton production, spinning and finishing processes. Turkey has a high population of young people who are the target for the Johnson and Martin Ltd compared to Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Some of the threats for the company are second-hand clothing which is imported from Europe and the United States. The company might experience stiff competition from other countries such as Turkey, India, and China. Furthermore, popular brands for the young generation might be imitated. Lastly, tradition and culture pose a great threat to some of the products particularly in Egypt and Saudi Arabia who are adopting some of the new fashions. Conclusion To sum it all, Johnson and Martin Ltd has the opportunity to invest in the three countries. However, market opportunity assessment of the three states is the most effective method of determining the most suitable country to invest. Turkey presents a great opportunity due. to its location and alarge population of theyoung population. It also produces a lot of cotton and is a major exporter. Turkey has a wonderful business climate that is very friendly to investors. Nonetheless, its interventionist policies are holding the country back. On the other hand, Egypt has many drawbacks such as poor control of finances and shortages. The country also has a lot to do to attract most of the investors who do not tolerate excessive bureaucracy among other issues. Saudi Arabia is the third state whose economy has flourished in the United Arab Emirates. Market expansion in the country has attracted many investors who have contributed to the growth of the economy. The country presents a great opport unity due to the young generation that adopting international fashion. In terms of opportunity and threats, Turkey is the most promising since it has many opportunities and few threats. Recommendations As a marketing consultant, I recommend Johnson and Martin Ltd to consider entering Turkey first. Turkey has a large market niche to be exploited with thehumongous young population. Turkey also provides the friendliest environment for the investors. In spite of the clothing it produces, it will allow market growth due to its location. Moreover, a unique brand needs to be introduced into the market to prevent competition from within and abroad. The best market entry strategy is through a Turkish Agent. The agent will provide information on the local regulatory framework, valuable business contact, and language assistance. As the business expands, the firm may open branchesand make more local savingsto increase the market share. 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